Overview
The MMSE-2 is used to screen cognitive impairment in adults.
Suitable for
18 years and older
Language Versions
English
Product Description
The MMSE-2 retains the clinical utility and efficiency of the original MMSE. With a standard version that is equivalent to the original MMSE and new brief and expanded forms, the MMSE-2 expands its usefulness in populations with milder forms of cognitive impairment, including subcortical dementia.
In revising the MMSE, the authors sought a variety of improvements. To better standardise the administration, some of the original items were altered. Despite these changes the MMSE-2: Standard Version (MMSE-2: SV) demonstrates high equivalency with the original MMSE. It is therefore possible to switch from the original MMSE to the MMSE-2:SV without compromising longitudinal data and without any change to the normal range of scores.
The MMSE-2: Brief Version (MMSE-2: BV), is designed for rapid assessment in a variety of settings. The MMSE-2: Expanded Version (MMSE-2: EV), a slightly longer version, is more sensitive to subcortical dementia and to changes associated with ageing; it is sufficiently difficult that it does not have a ceiling effect. Equivalent, alternate forms (Blue and Red) of each MMSE-2 version have been developed to decrease the possibility of practice effects that can occur over serial examinations. Finally, the Pocket Norms Guide has been updated to include norms for all three versions of the MMSE-2 by age and education level and includes reliable change scores to facilitate serial testing with any of the MMSE-2 versions.
Key features:
-
Flexibility of administration. The appropriate version can be selected that best suits the test user and test taker’s needs.
-
Simplicity of scoring. Forms are user-friendly and easy to score.
-
Portable Pocket Norms Guide. T-score conversion tables, along with reliable change scores, are provided in both the User’s Manual and the handy Pocket Norms Guide.
-
Brevity. Depending on which version is selected, administration takes between five and 20 minutes.
-
Equivalent, alternate forms. Blue and Red forms enable the test user to retest the same individual with reduced practice effects.
-
Simplicity of administration. All versions may be administered by anyone who has been trained to test individuals with cognitive impairment and who is familiar with the administration instructions. No special equipment is required.
-
Clinical relevance. Items have obvious relationships to functional ability in daily life.
MMSE-2: SV – The structure and scoring of the original 30 item MMSE have been retained while problematic items have been replaced. The three words for the Registration/Recall tasks have been made slightly more difficult and were revised to make foreign language translations easier. The phrase for the Repetition task has been changed to facilitate its translation into foreign languages, enabling easier comparison of results across all language versions. The Comprehension task has been altered to make it easier for persons with physical limitations to perform. The difficulty level of the MMSE-2: SV remains the same as the original, and therefore the scores obtained are comparable to the original MMSE.
MMSE-2: BV – Composed entirely of items from the MMSE-2: SV Registration, Orientation to Time, Orientation to Place and Recall tasks, the 16-item MMSE-2: BV can be used for clinical or research situations that require a rapid cognitive screener. These tasks were chosen based on a literature review, their use in the original MMSE, and their adequate retention of sensitivity and specificity to detect dementia. Available in convenient tear-off pads, the MMSE-2: BV Blue and Red Forms require no stimuli for administration.
MMSE-2: EV – The clinical utility of the original MMSE is improved by extending the test’s ceiling (i.e. difficulty level), increasing the range of raw scores, and increasing the screening sensitivity for individuals with less severe cognitive impairment, such as those with subcortical dementia and mild cognitive impairment. The 90-item MMSE-2: EV consists of the MMSE-2: SV tasks plus two new tasks: Story Memory (immediate recall of a brief story) and Processing Speed (a symbol-digit coding task). To facilitate scoring of the Processing Speed task, clear plastic Scoring Templates are included in the Expanded Version Kit and are available separately.
Qualification level required:
Level 2. Please see our Test User Qualifications page for guidance
Reliability
Internal consistency coefficients ranged from .66 to .79 for the clinical sample. Equivalency of the Blue and Red forms was examined using G coefficients, which were ? .96 for all three versions. Inter-rater reliability coefficients ranged from .94 to .99.
Norms
Normative sample of more than 1500 individuals.
Duration
5 minutes for the MMSE-2:BV; 10 to 15 minutes for the MMSE-2:SV; 20 minutes for the MMSE-2:EV.