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Provides a complete picture of sensory integration and processing difficulties in multiple environments; SPM-2 Quick Tips offer item level intervention strategies to help with sensory integration and processing challenges.
Suitable for use with ages 4 months to 87 years
SPM-2™: Expanded Across the Lifespan for Research, Clinical, and School-Based Practice.
You can’t see sensory processing deficits just by looking at someone, but their needs will become clearer when you use the new SPM-2.
The SPM-2 is an upgrade and expansion of the Sensory Processing Measure family of products, widely acclaimed as the best of its kind. A behaviour rating scale, the SPM-2 offers new forms – including driving forms – and a broadened age range, so no one gets left behind.
Like its predecessors, the new SPM-2 is firmly grounded in Ayres Sensory Integration® theory. T-scores provide norm-referenced indexes of the integrative functions of praxis and social participation, as well as the following sensory systems:
The SPM-2 items provide descriptive clinical information on processing vulnerabilities within each sensory system, including under- and over-reactivity, sensory-seeking behaviour, and difficulties with perception.
The forms at each age level are designed for maximum flexibility in choosing and comparing among environments and raters, such as multiple caregivers.
What’s new in the SPM-2
The SPM-2 is a revision and update of the Sensory Processing Measure and Sensory Processing Measure–Preschool, two well-established instruments in wide use throughout the world. While the essential characteristics of the SPM and SPM-P remain unchanged, the SPM-2 revision includes the following improvements:
Multiple raters, integrated assessment
The SPM-2 is designed to assess clients across the life span, with unique forms in each of five age levels: Infant/Toddler, Preschool, Child, Adolescent, and Adult. At each level, forms may be used independently or jointly to provide an overview of a client’s sensory functioning across multiple environments and raters.
The main forms each consist of 80 Likert-type items rated in terms of the frequency of a specific behaviour (Never, Occasionally, Frequently, Always) and require about 20 to 30 minutes to complete. The 10 School Environment and Driving Environment Forms are 15 to 18 items each and take about 10 minutes to complete. The following SPM-2 forms are listed by age level:
Infant/Toddler (4 to 30 months)
Parents and caregivers rate an infant or toddler and also rate themselves on their own sensory integration and processing function.
Preschool (2 to 5 years)
Parents, caregivers, and school providers rate a preschool-aged child within the home and school environments.
Child (5 to 12 years)
Parents, caregivers, and school staff rate a school-aged child within the home and school environments.
Adolescent (12 to 21 years)
Adolescents rate themselves, and parents, caregivers, and school staff rate the adolescent within the home and school environments.
Adult (21 to 87 years)
Adults rate themselves, and spouses, partners, parents, other adult family members, or caregivers rate the adult within the home and community environments.
The SPM-2 forms are intended to be used together as an integrated system to provide a comprehensive overview of a client’s sensory integration and processing across home, school, caregiving, and community settings. As such, multiple forms may be used within each age level. However, each form may also be used separately.
Comprehensive and easy to understand
The SPM-2 provides information in a way that parents find useful. Scale names remain comprehensible, results are summarised visually, and interpretation is clear-cut. These features help therapists explain assessment results and engage parents in the treatment process.
The main forms include each of the following scales:
SPM-2 Scores
SPM-2 items employ a rating scale based on how frequently behaviours occur.
SPM-2 raw scores for each of these scales are converted into normalised T-scores, a type of standard score, which have a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10. A standard score enables an individual’s test results to be compared with a reference group, such as a normative sample of typically developing individuals. A standard score also allows for comparison of scores across scales with different characteristics, such as different numbers of items, different psychometric properties, or different constructs.
SPM-2 T-scores are used in conjunction with an analysis of item responses to develop an interpretation of a client’s functioning.
SPM-2 T-scores are also used to calculate the Difference (DIF) score, which allows clinicians to compare sensory functioning across any two forms. A DIF score can reveal, for example, whether a child’s behaviour at home is markedly different from their behaviour at school, or whether an adolescent’s self-perception is substantially different from a teacher or parent’s perceptions. It can also provide a starting point for examining sensory integration and processing differences between individuals; for example, between two spouses or a parent and child.
Use with confidence
The SPM-2 forms perform well on seven key indexes of reliability: internal consistency, test-retest reliability, standard error of measurement, interrater reliability, alternate-forms reliability, cross-rater concordance, and digital and paper forms equivalence. Analyses of content and structure support the scoring of separate sensory systems, praxis, and social participation scores across the SPM-2 forms. The SPM-2 forms correlate in expected ways with two measures of sensory integration and processing, the Sensory Profile and the Sensory Profile 2, and a measure of adaptive behaviour, the ABAS-3. Finally, the SPM-2 forms distinguish between typically developing and clinic-referred clients, with robust and clinically meaningful effect sizes.
Principles of use
The SPM-2 may be used alone as a screening instrument or in conjunction with other instruments as part of a comprehensive battery. Like any instrument, however, the SPM-2 should never be used in isolation to make diagnostic or treatment decisions. Instead, it should be used in concert with other data, such as information derived from concurrent or former assessments of sensorimotor function; additional standardised assessment instruments; developmental, school, work, or medical records; occupational profiles; direct observations; and interviews with parents, teachers, school staff members, and (when appropriate) the client.
Intervention: SPM-2 Quick Tips
After administering the SPM-2, the assessment will guide you to appropriate intervention strategies in the SPM-2 Quick Tips, which are currently available at the Preschool and Child age levels.
The SPM-2 Quick Tips are simple, straightforward suggestions, tasks, and activities connected to each SPM-2 item, designed to help clients manage, minimise, or cope with sensory integration and processing challenges. The SPM-2 Quick Tips make use of Ayres Sensory Integration principles and specific sensory techniques and are meant to be implemented by various people involved in a client’s care, including parents, day care providers, teachers or other school personnel, early intervention providers, adult caregivers, occupational therapy practitioners, and mental health experts.
Every SPM-2 Quick Tips suggestion is designed to further one of the seven objectives listed below. Using clinical reasoning, the practitioner and team choose or develop strategies that most closely align with one or more of these objectives:
Qualification level required:
Level 2. Please see our Test User Qualifications page for guidance.
2021
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